Understanding Behavioral Statistics

- Part 1Descriptive Statistics
- 1Introduction to the Study of Statistics
  - 1.1Getting the Most from the Book
  - 1.2Overview of Topics
  - 1.3Descriptive Statistics
- 2Variables and Their Distributions
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  - 2.1Variables and Their Characteristics
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  - 2.2Summary Statistics
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  - 2.3Presenting Distributions in Tables and Graphs
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  - 2.4A Final Comment on Conventions for Graphing
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  - 2.5Summary
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  - 2.6End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 3Measures of Properties of Distributions
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  - 3.1Differences between Distributions
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  - 3.2Measures of Central Tendency
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  - 3.3Measures of Dispersion
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  - 3.4Measures of Shape
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  - 3.5Effects of Variable Transformations
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  - 3.6Summary
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  - 3.7End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- Part 2Foundations of Inferential Statistics: Analyzing Frequencies
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- 4Introduction to Probability
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  - 4.1Sampling Observations from Populations
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  - 4.2Why Probability?
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  - 4.3Some Basic Concepts in Probability Theory
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  - 4.4The Multiplicative Law for Joint Events
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  - 4.5The Additive Law for Compound Events
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  - 4.6Some Integrative Problems
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  - 4.7Summary
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  - 4.8End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 5The Binomial Distribution
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  - 5.1Computing Probabilities of Outcomes in Binomial Experiments
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  - 5.2The Function Rule for the Binomial Distribution
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  - 5.3Tables of the Binomial Distribution
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  - 5.4Summary
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  - 5.5End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 6Introduction to Inferential Statistics Based on the Binomial Distribution
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  - 6.1Hypothesis Testing
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  - 6.2Some More Examples
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  - 6.3Power
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  - 6.4Factors Influencing Power
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  - 6.5Summary
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  - 6.6End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 7Using the Chi-Square Distribution to Analyze Frequencies
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  - 7.1The Chi-Square Distribution
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  - 7.2The Goodness of Fit Test
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  - 7.3The Test of Association
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  - 7.4The Concept of Degrees of Freedom
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  - 7.5An Integrative Example
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  - 7.6Summary
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  - 7.7End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- Part 3Analyzing Means
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- 8The Normal Distribution: Theoretical Foundations
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  - 8.1The Normal Distribution
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  - 8.2The Normal Distribution as the Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean
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  - 8.3Summary
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  - 8.4End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 9Inferential Procedures Based on the Normal Distribution
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  - 9.1Testing Hypotheses about Population Means
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  - 9.2Estimating the Size of an Effect with Cohen’s d
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  - 9.3Power
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  - 9.4Confidence Intervals
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  - 9.5Relationships among the Procedures
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  - 9.6Summary
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  - 9.7End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 10Student’s t for Inferences about a Single Mean
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  - 10.1The t Distribution as the Sampling Distribution of the t-Test Statistic
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  - 10.2Testing Hypotheses about a Single Mean
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  - 10.3Estimating Effect Size with Cohen’s d
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  - 10.4Confidence Interval Estimates of the Value of a Population Mean
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  - 10.5Summary
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  - 10.6End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 11Student’s t for Inferences about the Difference between Two Means
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  - 11.1Alternative Ways to Design Two-Sample Studies
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  - 11.2Matched Samples Design
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  - 11.3Independent Samples Design
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  - 11.4Matched or Independent Samples?
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  - 11.5A Guide to Selecting among Procedures for Analyzing Means
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  - 11.6Summary
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  - 11.7End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- Part 4Analyzing Variance
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- 12One-Factor Analysis of Variance
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  - 12.1Analyzing Variances to Answer Questions about Means
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  - 12.2The F Distribution
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  - 12.3The Analysis of Variance
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  - 12.4The Magnitude of the Effect
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  - 12.5Multiple Comparisons
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  - 12.6Summary
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  - 12.7End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 13Two-Factor Analysis of Variance
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  - 13.1Why Two Factors?
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  - 13.2The Analysis of Variance
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  - 13.3Understanding the Results
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  - 13.4Effect Size
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  - 13.5Multiple Comparisons
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  - 13.6Summary
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  - 13.7End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- Part 5Bivariate Statistics: Analyzing Relations between Variables
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- 14Describing Bivariate Distributions
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  - 14.1Graphing Bivariate Distributions: Scatterplots
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  - 14.2Describing Linear Trends
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  - 14.3Measuring the Fit of the Regression Line
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  - 14.4Some Useful Connections among Correlation and Regression Statistics
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  - 14.5Summary
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  - 14.6End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- 15Inferences about Correlation and Regression
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  - 15.1What Questions Might We Ask?
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  - 15.2Inferences about the Correlation between Two Variables in a Population
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  - 15.3Inferences about the Slope of the Population Regression Line, βy.x
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  - 15.4Interpreting Results
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  - 15.5Summary
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  - 15.6End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- AAn Introduction to SPSS
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  - A.1SPSS Overview
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  - A.2Datasets
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- BThe Research Study
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  - B.1Asking Questions
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  - B.2Who (or What) to Study?
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  - B.3Designing a Study
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  - B.4Analyzing the Results
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  - B.5Summary
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  - B.6End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- CIntegration and Application: Descriptive Statistics
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  - C.1When and Why Do We Use Descriptive Statistics?
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  - C.2Student Performances in a Statistics Course
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  - C.3Summary
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  - C.4Integration and Application: Analyzing Means
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- DIntegration and Application: Analyzing Means
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  - D.1Identifying What to Do When
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  - D.2Teaching Fourth Graders How to Design Simple Experiments
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  - D.3Analyses
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  - D.4Summary and Conclusions
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  - D.5End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- EIntegration and Application: Analyzing Variance
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  - E.1Teaching Fourth Graders How to Design Simple Experiments, Again
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  - E.2Analyses
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  - E.3Summary and Conclusions
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  - E.4End-of-Chapter Exercises
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- FIntegration and Application: Analyzing Relations between Variables
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  - F.1Student Performances in a Statistics Course
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  - F.2Plan for Analyses
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  - F.3Results
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  - F.4Summary
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  - F.5End-of-Chapter Exercises
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